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Energy & Climate

Analysis of energy pipelines, oil and gas geopolitics, resource competition, and climate security as strategic factors.

The Pipeline and the Sword

Energy & Climate

The Pipeline and the Sword

Russia's weaponisation of energy exports has transformed NATO's strategic calculus more profoundly than any military build-up since 1991. The alliance now faces a contest where molecules matter as much as missiles—and where Europe's thirty-year bet on interdependence has become its most...

The Glacier's Verdict

The Glacier's Verdict

At 4,500 metres in the Depsang Plains, sovereignty dissolves with the permafrost. Chinese and Indian soldiers patrol terrain that is literally disappearing beneath their boots—glaciers retreating, watersheds shifting, the physical geography that once defined borders melting into cartographic...

The Ice Beneath the Peace

Energy & Climate

The Ice Beneath the Peace

Antarctica's greatest asset is its legal fiction. For sixty-five years, the Antarctic Treaty System has performed an extraordinary conjuring trick: seven nations claim sovereignty over the continent, two superpowers reserve the right to claim, and everyone pretends that freezing these positions...